Department of Development Communication

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://10.30.1.83:4000/handle/123456789/11

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Exploring the Use of Communication as a Tool for Effective Government’s Revenue Mobilization: A Case of Adentan Municipal Assembly
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2020-10) Manu, Kyei
Local government administration over the years existed to ensure good governance at the local level and to facilitate improvement in the quality of life of the people through the provision of equitable social amenities and projects to guarantee a total development of its community. However, to be able to achieve such development programs, revenue mobilizations at the local assemblies are deemed very essential to the survival and uninterrupted operations of the Municipal and District Assemblies. But as the years gone by, effective revenue mobilization has been the bane for most municipal and district assemblies in Ghana, and Adentan municipal assembly is therefore not an exception to the import of topic this research seeks to address. Meanwhile, little attention over the period has been accorded to the importance of communication by local assembly authorities as an effective tool to improve local government revenues. In addition, prior research on revenue mobilization has predominantly focused on some historical antecedents of mobilizing revenues and other related issues such as local assembly’s over reliance on central government to support its revenue capabilities. Most of the research to some extent did not concentrate much on emerging and modern approaches (eg communications) that can help to improve revenue mobilization at the local level. This study on the other hand tends to dwell on exploring the use of communication as a tool for an effective government revenue mobilization at the local assembly level specifically in the Adentan Municipal Assembly, taking into consideration the necessity of communication to modern day governance and how the various communication strategies and approaches can be utilize to effectively improve local government revenues. The research also makes appropriate and relevant recommendations deemed vital to the area of study based on the findings of the research to help achieve the aim of the study and provide conclusions to that effect.
Analysis of the Facebook Page of the Ghana Police Service
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Effah, Jonathan Owusu
The emergence of internet and access to technological gadgets has become important part of daily activities of individuals. Most importantly social media use has transformed the way individuals communicate, sustain friendships, live and work. Social media has become the platform where organisations build and retain relationship with their publics. The increased use of social media by organisations all over the world has led researchers and practitioners to seek to understand how best to employ it into communication strategies for effective communication delivery. This study analysed how the Ghana Police Service utilized their facebook page in communicating with their publics. The study was underpinned by the dialogic public relations theory. The study used the mixed method approach and purposive sampling technique. The study employed cyber ethnography to obtain data from the facebook page of the Ghana Police Service from January to June, 2021. The study generally found that, although the Ghana Police Service actively engaged their publics on facebook, there were some discrepancies in their inability to reply all comments but focused on replying to only positive ones. The study identified that some of these engagements spans from alerting the public on scammers, fake facebook accounts and information about the Ghana Police Service. It was noted that there were posts made each day by the Ghana Police Service on the facebook page which showed a good indication that the Ghana Police Service posted frequently on their facebook page each day. It was also observed that page visitors took advantage of the openness of the police to bully them and used invectives words irrespective of the importance of the posts. The study concluded that, the facebook page strengthened the Ghana Police Service to constantly engage with its publics for effective policing. in Ghana. The study recommends that the Ghana Police Service and public relation practitioners should take advantage of the numerous opportunity social media specifically facebook presents.
Assesing the Internal Communication Tools in Petra Trust Company Limited
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-12) Dotse, Dolly Delali
Employees play a crucial role in helping organizations achieve their predetermined goals of growth and development. Employees thus need to be always communicated to, to carry them along with organizational goals, strategy, and vision. Pradhan and Chopra (2008) postulate that “organizations cannot exist without communication, as it is one of the significant aspects allowing organizations to be what it is.” This study focuses on the assessment of the internal communication tools at Petra Trust Limited. This research relies on the Kevin Stephen Ruck’s theory dubbed “informed employee voice.” The study employs quantitative approach in analysing primary data collected from employees of the organization with a sample size of 86 participants. Findings revealed that the organization has measures that allow for all employees to understand the internal communication processes thereby facilitating full ownership and participations. As part of the recommendations given, the researcher advocates for the promotion of awareness of an internal communication policy at Petra Trust.
Assessing Learners’ Perception on Ghana Learning Television (GLTV) as an Effective Tool for Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey of Basic Level Education Students
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-12) Mobya, Hannah Tinyep
This research explored the perception of learners in the basic school level, specifically Junior High School 1-3 about the Ghana Learning television (GLTV) as an effective tool for learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The GLTV is a dedicated educational television initiated by the Government of Ghana through the Ministry of Education in partnership with the Ghana Broadcasting Corporation to ensure that learners did not miss out on instructional time when schools were shut nationwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Responses from 20 respondents were solicited to gather qualitative responses. An interview guide was developed by reviewing related literature and carefully examining what the study seeks to achieve. Data gathered were thematized to gain insights on the perception of students regarding the GLTV. Findings from the study indicated that the Ghana Learning television is an effective tool for learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some respondents still subscribe to the channel, although face-to-face classes have resumed. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the channel served as a source of instructional teaching and learning to supplement face-to-face classroom teaching. Considering the high usage of the channel, GLTV was seen as interactive, exciting and inclusive. Findings confirmed the assumption that learners had varied needs, and the design and pedagogies employed the GLTV catered for the needs of these learners including those with disabilities (hearing and visually impaired students). Although respondents watched other educational television such as the Class Act and Joy Learning, majority of the respondents preferred the GLTV. The results also broadly revealed that parents, guardians, and teachers played critical roles in encouraging and supporting learners to watch the channel when schools were shut due to the pandemic. Keywords: Distance Learning; Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning; Educational Television; E-Learning; Ghana Learning Television; Thematic Analysis Method.
Assessing the Impact of Scholarships in Providing Access to Quality University Education: A Case Study of the Lebanese Community in Ghana Scholarship
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Koranteng, Asomani Emmanuel
With the renewed emphasis on university education as an agent for development and economic growth, the Lebanese Community in Ghana, through the Embassy of Lebanon, has joined other organizations in contributing to the intellectual workforce of Ghana. While the Lebanese Community in Ghana Scholarship has granted scholarships to about a hundred individuals to pursue various undergraduate programs for nearly a decade since 2013, no research has been conducted to assess the impact of the scholarship. The study used a qualitative research method in which in-depth interviews were used to collect and analyze data from respondents. The data was processed using thematic analysis, and major recommendations were made to improve the scholarship program's present strategy. Overall, the findings reveal that the Lebanese Community in Ghana Scholarship has enhanced the quality of life of its recipients greatly. However, there are some challenges which are impeding the success of the scholarship. The constant delays in releasing funds to students at the start of an academic year and the change in ambassadors by the Embassy of Lebanon worried the progressive plan for beneficiaries. The study recommended that a responsive and clear policy is needed as well as a strong alumni network to empower and strengthen the alumni‘s resilience, allowing beneficiaries to continue to lead and change their circumstances on their own terms.
Assessing the Involvement of Vodafone Ghana Health Line as Corporate Social Responsibility Activity Strategy to Enhance the Overall Business Performance of Vodafone
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Otumfo, Gifty
The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has over the years received much attention. This research aimed at exploring the impact of the involvement of Vodafone Healthline as corporate social responsibility strategy activity in enhancing Vodafone’s overall business performance. This thesis conceptualizes CSR using the Triple bottom line theory and Carrol model approach as a brand building tool to increase organisational business performance emphasizing the strategic importance of CSR and its potential to create mutually beneficial outcomes for organisations and their stakeholders. The study explored a qualitative data collection technique which comprises of interviews with responses from the Branch Manager of Vodafone Ghana, Tema Community One, some customers, and beneficiaries of Vodafone Healthline from Tema Newtown in the Greater Accra region. The study found most respondents understood what CSR is about and were aware of Vodafone Ghana’s CSR activities in Ghana, especially in the area of health. In particular, this thesis supports the proposition that CSR has a direct and positive impact on organizational performance in the area of profit, brand value, increase in market share it therefore envisaged that management of organizations in the telecommunications industry in Ghana can be more dedicated to CSR activities to boost the overall business performance. This thesis concludes with a discussion of the findings and provides recommendation for future research as well of the limitations of the study. The results of this thesis made some recommendation for policy formulation which includes organizations including a policy that is more committed to health-related CSR activities. Hence organizations should be more committed to their CSR activities and include such in their organizations’ mission and objective.
Assessing the Perceived Impact of U.S Embassy’s ‘Edward Murrow’ Exchange Program on Ghanaian Journalists
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Asiedu, Joyce Okyere
This study examined the impact of the United States of America’s International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP), particularly the Edward Murrow Exchange program on five (5) identified Ghanaian journalists who participated in the exchange program. Using the qualitative method in data collection and analysis, specifically in-depth interviews and content analysis, this study conducted five (5) in-depth interviews with Ghanaian journalists who took part in the exchange program. Grounded within the Social Responsibility Theory, this study explored the perceived impact of Edward Murrow Exchange program on the journalism profession in Ghana. Diplomacy amongst countries, also known as international relations has been institutionalized by way of establishing institutions within counterpart countries. For instance, the relationship between Ghana is facilitated by the U.S. Embassy in Ghana and the Ghana Embassy in the USA. Findings indicate that all participants noted significantly, the impact of the Edward Murrow Exchange on their professional capabilities as journalist as well as their media organizations in general. This study also realized that there is a strong demand for the duration of the exchange program to be extended beyond the current three (3) weeks.
Assessing the Role of Community Radio in Promoting Environmental Sustainability in Ghana: A Case Study of Denkyembour District
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Asumang, Ebenezer
The study examined the role of community radio in promoting environmental sustainability in Ghana using Denkyembour district as a case. The study relied on the mixed methods approach, with questionnaire, interview schedule and focus group discussion as the research instruments. A total of 100 respondents made up of community members and staff of three radio stations were involved in the study using purposive and convenience sampling techniques. Quantitative data obtained was analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation whilst content analysis was done for the qualitative data. The study found that community radio stations contribute to the engagement in civic education and promotion of peace building consensus in the district. Also, community radio stations in the district have put in place measures such media discourses on environmental issues, public education on bushfires and public education on deforestation in promoting environmental sustainability in the district. However, financial constraints, poor technology, logistical challenges, unstable power supply in the region, among others hampered efforts of community radio stations to promote environmental sustainability in the district. This study recommends the introduction of awards by government, Ghana Journalist Association and corporate bodies to community radio stations that pay increased attention to environmental sustainability.
Assessing the Role of Universities in Developing Communities within their Catchment Area: The Case of University of Professional Studies, Accra
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Boatsi, Millicent Mawufemor Afi
This study assessed the role of the universities in promoting development around their catchment areas using the University of Professional Studies, Accra (UPSA) in the La Nkwantanang Madina Municipality in an interpretivist research paradigm. The design was exploratory and purposive sampling method was used to select University Officials and community members in La Nkwantanang Municipality. With this in mind, the researcher drew respondents from the University‘s central administration, Deans and Heads of selected Faculties and the unit in-charge of the University’s Public Affairs. In all 15 participants were selected for the study. Interviews were conducted in English with all participants and were all audio-recorded after seeking their approval. Some interviews were held in the offices of the respondents and each session lasted between thirty (30) to forty five (45) minutes. Findings from the study suggest that while UPSA has appreciably linked its teaching, research, and service roles to the development needs of the La Nkwantanang Madina Municipality it has a stronger link with the human capital development, social, and infrastructural development. The perceived role in community development include community capacity building, infrastructural development and job creation. Communication strategies such as awareness creation and public education are generally used by UPSA when undertaking community development activities. However, there is poor cooperation between the University and the community. The community leaders are kept in the dark with regard to the projects and other forms of developmental interventions undertaken by the University. Community members see the UPSA’s community development activities as voluntary activities. It is, therefore, recommended that if UPSA is seen as a key player in the development of La Nkwantanang Madina Municipality through its mandate, then, government and regional authorities need to create an enabling environment and put in place appropriate support structures to stimulate an effective engagement of UPSA with its stakeholders, local businesses and other informal networks.
Assessment of Waste Management in the Okaikoi North Municipality
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-12) Abusah, Hannah Yaa
Sanitation is an important foundation for health, economic development and well-being hence waste management. The perception of household waste as unwanted material with no intrinsic value has dominated attitudes towards it management. Solid waste management in Ghana has become a major challenge to MMDAs due to urbanization and increasing population densities. Municipal Assemblies find it difficult to deal with the large quantities of waste generated, resulting in people resorting to indiscriminate dumping as the only means to managing their domestic solid waste. The objective of the study was to assess the management of waste in the Okaikoi municipality. The study employed a descriptive survey design and used questionnares for data collection. The sample size for the study was 303. The sampling method used was simple random sampling method. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. The findings showed different categories of wastes including organic such as food waste, plastic, textiles, metal, glass and other form of waste. It was revealed that organic such as food waste was the dominant type of waste generated within the municipality. The study concludes that majority of people leaving in the municipal have various forms of waste containers. The study recommends that waste should be managed on a community to community basis. The leadership of each community must map out how its waste is collected, stored, processed, and disposed of timely in a hygienic manner. This could be done by separating waste at the source so that contamination is prevented so that the work of community based volunteers and waste management agencies are facilitated.
Audiovisual Preservation and Conservation in Ghana Broadcasting Corporation
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Edu, Frank Paa Kwesi
The research investigated audiovisual (AV) preservation and conservation in Ghana Broadcasting Corporation. This phenomenon is challenging and complex but many aspects around storage, care, and access of these collections must be considered before any preservation and conservation methods. The research approached issues surrounding preserving and conserving of AV formats from GBC’s heritage point of view. The objectives of the research were to: what were the storage carrier formats used for preserving and conserving of AVs in the film/video repository; what were the challenges in preserving and conserving of AVs in the film/video repository; and to determine what will be the future possibilities of digitizing AVs. To meet the set objectives and find answers, qualitative analytic method termed content analysis was used in analyzing data with ten (10) members of staff as the target population. As a qualitative research, unstructured interviews and observations methods were used and the data collected analyzed qualitatively, using content analytic techniques stemming from the nature of data collected with thematic subject identification from the field notes. The challenges confronting GBC’s repository were enormous with data evidence pointing to lack of funding, lack of awareness of the relevance, lack of training, management and research opportunities, lack of expertise in preventing deterioration, temperature and humidness. Others challenges discovered were the standards of preserving and conserving, no playback machines, technological obsolescence. Data based analysis established that GBC’s management and board of governance had incubated the idea of digitization but not executed. As of now the repository is experiencing losses through deterioration, obsolescence of equipment playback, as well as other possible means such as handling, playback damage, high temperature and mould infestation amongst others. The research concluded based on the evidence of findings that digitization is an armament. Recommendations made include funding, training of staff, collaboration with professional associations, digitization, and proper storage system.
Communication Strategies Employed by the Methodist Church Ghana in the Fight Against Covid-19
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Acquah, Anastasia Nanaba
COVID-19 pandemic has affected Ghanaian populace since March 2020. This has culminated to the use of several communication strategies by the government and other stakeholders to curtail the spread of the pandemic. Despite the deadly nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, little studies have been done on the communication strategies employed by religious institutions in the fight against the pandemic. This study therefore sought to assess the communication strategies the Methodist Church Ghana employed in the fight against COVID-19. Eleven lay leaders and four clergies located in the Accra, Northern Accra and Tema dioceses of the Methodist Church Ghana were selected for the study. A qualitative case study approach was used. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that awareness creation communication, social mobilization and education entertainment were the communication strategies the Methodist Church employed in fighting COVID-19 pandemic. The findings showed that the use of these communication strategies by the church reduced the anxiety levels of members thereby influencing the rate of church attendance. The study also revealed that the Methodist Church Ghana faced misconceptions, attitudinal and financial challenges in employing the communication strategies used in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic. The findings point to the need for further studies by researchers to focus on other churches or even other religions to ascertain if the dynamics may be different based on the different organisations.
Communicating Government Policies through Social Media: A Study of Ghana’s Ministry of Finance
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-12) Boakye Ansah, Emmanuel
The purpose of the study was to examine communicating government policies through social media: a study of Ghana’s ministry of Finance. A qualitative research method was used in data collection and interview was the study instrument which was designed to cover the objectives of the study involving fifteen (15) respondents. Findings showed that the ministry communicates their policies through social media by formulating, planning, managing and implementing Ghana’s economic policies, communicating strategic government policies to both internal and external stakeholders of the government and other forms of communication also complements social media. Lastly, challenges they faced were as poor internet connections in certain parts of the country, lack of smart phones by majority of stakeholders, lack of understanding and misinterpretation of government policies. It is recommended that be undertaken on a larger-scale in the various ministries will give researchers a wider scope on social media effectiveness and its challenges in communicating government policies and how these challenges can be mitigated.
Communicating the Sustainable Development Goals in Ghana: An Examination of how the UNDP Communicate Implementation of the SDGs
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-12) Bah, Ebrima A.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also referred to as Agenda 2030 are were adopted by the UN General Assembly in September 2015 with 193 countries as signatories which includes all the African countries. The goals also called the Global Goals came into effect in January 2016 and they seek to end poverty, protect our planet and ensure peace and prosperity for all nations by 2030. The goals were built upon the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which elapsed in 2015. The MDGs were an outcome of the UN Millennium Declaration in September 2000, which aimed at eradicating extreme poverty. The MDGs aimed to solve some of the most pressing development needs at the beginning of the millennium. They sought to bring to the forefront of the global agenda the urgency of the problems of poverty and other development challenges in a manner that is easy to understand and to track (Ghana Millennium Development Report, 2015, p. 16). The MDGs were endorsed by 189 UN member states in September, 2001. The MDGs cover the areas of the economy, health education, gender equality, environmental sustainability and partnership among countries.
Communication and Teenage Pregnancy: A Perspective from Guardians and Teenage Mothers
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Effah-Dennis, Agnes Baaba
The broad objective of this research was to examine Communication and Teenage pregnancy: Perspective from guardians and teenage mothers. The study adopted a qualitative methodology with a descriptive research design to provide a picture of a situation of the research area. The population for this study was people of the Anomabo Community. As a result, a sample size of eighty (80) respondents is seen as representative enough for the purpose of this study. The sampling method used in selecting the respondents was the stratified sampling technique. A structured interview guide was designed and administered as a means of obtaining information from respondents. The study revealed that the study found that most of the parents are close to their teenage girls. However, being close does not necessarily mean that they will communicate with their girls about sexuality issues. This study established that many parents offer Sexual Health Education to their teenage daughters. This study revealed that even though most of the parents discussed sexuality related issues with their daughters, majority of them, were not comfortable with such discussions. This study found that close to half of the parents knew their daughters’ friends. This study recommended that parents create a home environment that fosters communication, understanding and support towards their daughters to ensure the inculcation of moral values to prevent coerced sex, thus reduce teenage pregnancy. Again, it recommended that children’s department and Non-Governmental organizations dealing with children’s issues should organize parent-teen communication workshops to help parents and teens learn new skills and practice important communication techniques.
Communication Strategies in Addressing Open Defecation Challenges: A Survey of La Dade-Kotopon Municipality
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Owusu, Selorm Kakraba
Strategies used by the local authorities to fight open defecation in the communities are either not enough or not effective enough; as the government seems to be taking up the fight against open defecation. Studies in other jurisdictions have shown that that communication can be used to solve the problem. The main objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of communication strategies employed by the local to fight open defecation in Ghana. The study employed a qualitative approach using data gathered through open ended questionnaires (interview guide) from 10 community members in various capacities including municipal officers, opinion leaders, beach workers, and household heads. The data was analysed by thematic analyses. The study found that communication and education has been the main means of the fight against open defecation in the La community. This has largely been done through public communication vans. The study also revealed this communication strategy has not been effective, since the practice of open defecation is still going on. The respondents revealed that this communication strategy has failed because of culture and refusal to change behavioural practices; funding to sustain communication, lack of toilets in public and households; illiteracy; and population growth. The participants recommended that for communication to be effective, there must be more and appropriate communication channels emphasising the risks associated with the practice of open defecation and funding to ensure sustainability.
Corporate Governance, Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Sustainability: The Moderating Role of Top Management Commitment
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Amoako, Richard Nana
Today's businesses have moved beyond the traditional view of profit maximization, and now focuses on organizations' contributions to society and the environment, which has resulted in the emergence of corporate social responsibility and corporate sustainability. Despite recent interest in corporate social responsibility and corporate sustainability, there is dearth of studies that have attempted to link corporate social responsibility and corporate sustainability. This study therefore investigates the influence of corporate social responsibility on corporate sustainability with the mediating role of corporate governance. By employing survey questionnaire, data was collected from 397 employees of SMEs in Ghana. Data was analysed via structural equation modelling using Amos 24. The findings of this study indicate mixed relationships between of the various corporate governance indices and the dimensions of corporate social responsibility. Board composition, board size, institutional ownership and CEO- Chair duality had varying influence on economic, environmental and social dimensions of corporate social responsibility. In addition, the moderating role of top management commitment was confirmed for the relationship between environmental dimension of corporate social responsibility and corporate sustainability but was however not confirmed for the economic and environmental dimensions. These results have important implications for theory and for practice. Based on this result, it was concluded that, corporate governance systems exhibit varying their interactions with corporate social responsibility dimensions which may be due to changes in the national and institutional framework as well as economic conditions and the type of industry.
Effectiveness of Communication Strategies in the Management of COVID-19 Situation in Ghana: The Case of COVID-19 Communication Management within Greater Accra Metropolitan Area
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Adjei-Baah, Elvis
Effectiveness of Communication Strategies in the Management of COVID-19 Situation in Ghana: The Case of COVID-19 Communication Management within Greater Accra Metropolitan Area Communication holds an integral part to government function. To drive the national agenda, government must be seen to be using the best form of communication and the appropriate medium to reach all stakeholders. The failure of government to communicate its policy will result in failure of the entire policy implementation. In times of crisis like the COVID-19 era, leveraging on communication becomes integral for containing, curbing, and preventing the spread of the virus. This study therefore examined the effectiveness of Communication Strategies in the management of COVID-19 Situation in Ghana. To better understand the communication strategies adopted during this pandemic time, the study deploys the quantitative research design. Simple random sampling technique was used to sample 422 respondents for this study. The study further used questionnaire to collect data from the respondents. For analysis, the measures of central tendency such as frequencies, means and percentages were used. The study found that what is communicated by government must be guided by formal processes, engagement of all stakeholders and community leaders in party so that reaching the target audience could be faster. Religious organizations holding strong and entrenched position against the virus would only defeat the considerable efforts made by government to communicate to the masses. Government communication machinery alone cannot win in the fight against COVID-19, deploying all aspect of communication would therefore fast track the communication and reach large proportion of the population. Leveraging on private media houses to communicate government stance on COVID-19 will go a long way to consolidate efforts to reducing the spread and impact of the pandemic. Use of government communication machinery to demystify the negative religious perception on the virus is imperative. Government must design communication that addresses the issues of religiosity when it comes to dealing with COVID-19 pandemic.
Effectiveness of Stakeholder Engagement in Corporate Social Responsibility Projects: The Case of Ghana “Cocoa Roads Projects” by Ghana Cocoa Board
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021) Addy, Josephine Dede
Over the years, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) by various organisations operating in various sectors of the economy in Ghana has gone a long way to contribute immensely to the development of these communities and the nation at large (Klu, 2017). However, these CSR projects has gained considerable criticism about the effectiveness of CSR practices especially questioning if beneficiaries of CSR projects are also involved in the decision of what corporations do for them as social responsibility engagements (Afreh, 2016). Hence, this study set out to examine the effectiveness of stakeholder engagement in corporate social responsibility projects of the Ghana Cocoa Board with special focus on their “cocoa roads projects. Through qualitative research approach the researcher, purposefully sampled eight 8 stakeholders of Ghana Cocoa Board in category of internal and external stakeholders to participate in the study. The findings revealed that the nature of CSR projects by COCOBOD are in form of educational support; supports of healthcare of beneficiary; improvement of agriculture and infrastructure developments. Also, the findings revealed that whereas stakeholders from COCOBOD suggested that their CSR policies ensures sustainability engagements, the external stakeholders (beneficiaries), believes they are not well engaged in the CSR projects of COCOBOD as they see consultations, engagement and involvements in the decision making of project almost not existence. Hence the challenges found in the study to confront COCOBOD in quest to engage their stakeholders includes absence or wrong representatives, conflict of interest and poor participation in initiatives/decision making. The study therefore concludes that the Ghana Cocoa Board needs to be strategic in the dealing with their various stakeholders especially in choices, designing and implementations of CSR projects they institute for the communities they operates in.
Religion and Gender: The Story of Female Ministers in the Presbyterian Church of Ghana
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-12) Wiafe, Emmanuel Asiamah
This study presents an understanding of how religion and gender play a role in opportunities given to female ministers of the Presbyterian Church of Ghana. The study adopted a case study with a cross-sectional design. Using a Random Sampling Technique, the study collected data from 80 female ministers in Presbyterian Church of Ghana scattered across the country. The study revealed that, being a female Presbyterian Minister comes with unexpected opportunities which may enhance and motivate ministry work among clergy women. However, majority of the respondents opined that being a female Presbyterian Minister affects them economically since they are unable to engage in other economic activities. The study revealed that female Ministers in the Presbyterian church of Ghana perceive the notion that the exclusion of women in decision making, mainly is as a result of lack of will capacity or confidence. The study revealed that the church has embraced the capacity of women in later parts of the 20th century, given equal and level playing field to both male and female ministers/pastor alike. The study recommends that, there should be equality in privileges between men and women ministers. Also, the study recommends that younger women be encouraged to enter the priesthood with various programs, such as workshops and seminars, focusing on the ordained ministry.

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