Department of Journalism & Media Studies

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A Framing Analysis of the Reports of Coronavirus in Africa by Western Media – A Study of BBC and Al-Jazeera
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2020-10) Otchere, Jerome
Algeria recorded its first case of the novel coronavirus (Covid-19) disease on February 25, 2020. That was the first reported case of the virus in Africa. As of today (August 10, 2020), the coronavirus disease has affected at least 20 million people globally with over 735, 000 people losing their lives to the novel virus. The United States of America Alone has recorded over 4 million infections with more than 140,000 deaths whereas Africa has recorded about 620,000 infections with a little over 10,000 deaths. Africa’s total infection rate represents 4.3% of the global confirmed cases and 1.7% of the reported deaths globally (CNN, 2020; WHO, 2020). Since Covid-19 was first discovered in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, media reports of the disease have increased exponentially across the globe with world and local media outlets producing extensive coverage and reports on the illness from diverse perspectives (Time, 2020).
A Study Evaluating the Effectiveness of Social Media as a Marketing Tool For Events: A Case Study of EIB
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2019-10) Kwadzie, Theresa
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of social media as a marketing tool in the event management industry in Ghana by focusing on EIB. The study adopted the mixed method approach and sampled the views of 70 staff members with a questionnaire via the judgmental sampling method. Findings showed that all respondents agreed that the firm use social media to promote its events. The findings suggest that the reason for adopting the use of social media for event promotion is based on it being a new trend and more effective. On the issue of benefits of adopting the use of social media respondents extremely agreed that that social media increased brand awareness, increased brand loyalty ( cost-effectiveness and faster in reaching wider audience. Respondents agreed with the statement that social media created the platform for better customer satisfaction. The study concludes that in its bid use social media to promote and manage its event the organisation must consider all the possible problems that would come with it to deal with it ahead of time in order to stay competitive and ahead of its competitors. It was recommended that a team has to be set up equipped with the necessary information and know-how solely in charge of responding to comments, enquiries and questions on social media. Also, since social media sites can be exploited for the information it provides on consumer behaviour with regards to their purchasing intentions, research further suggests that businesses should incorporate social networking sites into their business model or promotional mix.
Adolescent-Parents Communication on Sexuality in the Context Of HIV/AIDS
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2015-09) Essah, Naa Korkoi
The dissertation examined adolescent - parents' communication in the context of HIV/AIDS. It sought to bring to light whether the upsurge of HIV I AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases has made parents responsible for educating their adolescent children on sexuality. The study was occasioned by the epidemiological data which indicated that about half of all global HIV infections occur in young people. This has awakened the fight against HIV/AIDS infections and sexually transmitted diseases in general. Recent studies have indicated that adolescent share information about sexuality more within peers than with parents. However little is known about whether parents are making the efforts of communicating with their adolescent children on sexuality. This study examined this issue. The study adopted a qualitative method with participants being selected thought the purposive criterion sampling. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with two (2) adolescents children aged 16-19; a boy and a girl respectively with two parents but were not the biological parents of the adolescents interviewed. The results indicated that parents are making the effort of introducing sexuality communication in the home although the adolescent feel they should be taught more or given more detailed information on sexuality. The main issues discussed were pubertal changes, HIV/AIDS and teenage pregnancy. The fact on HIV transmission was discussed in elaborate detail in most families. In sexuality discussion however, parents referred to sexual activities by using vague words and impressions. Discussions were mostly initiated by parents rather the adolescent. This study is different from previous Ghanaian studies on the subject because it has brought to light that Ghanaian parents in Odumase -Krobo are making efforts or attempts in communicating on sexuality issues with their adolescent children. It also brought to light that parent have favourable attitudes towards talking about sexuality and all of them communicated to some extent with their children. It is suggested that parents should start sexuality discussions early to avoid embarrassment in the introduction of the topic when the children reach puberty or adolescents.
An Assessment of the Prevalence of Herbal Medicine Advertisement and Its Effect on Consumers: A Study of Traditional Medicine in Ghana
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2015-10) Arthur, Emmanuel J.K.
The general objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Traditional Medicine advertising on consumer decision-making in Ghana. This study adopted the descriptive survey approach and collected data from 100 customers of five Traditional Medicine Practitioners based in the Greater Accra region. This study found that 75 % of the respondents were generally knowledgeable about traditional medicine, had positive attitudes and perceptions about traditional medicine. The study found that adverts on traditional medicines affect respondents' patronage and usage of traditional medicine. It was specifically found that 70% of the respondents agreed that advertisement of traditional medicines essentially informed them to buy traditional medicine. Factors affecting consumers' buying process include the usefulness, truthfulness and clarity of the messages in the adverts of TMs among others, in the TMAs. Based on these, a number of key recommendations are proffered, one of them being that adverts should be made to follow standards recommended by the Food and Drugs Board. That way, producers of traditional medicines would be seen practicing what they preach. The reality is that "safety" and "natural" are not synonymous. Therefore, regulatory policies on traditional medicines need to be standardized and strengthened on a national scale.
Assessing Perceptions of Media Persons on Stress Related Disorder and Influence on Performance
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2021-11) Solomon, Christiana
Media professionals encounter pressure in line of their duties in providing exclusive broadcast and first hand information to the public. The daily professional demands from journalists intensify occupational stress and results to a rapid burn out rate. These result in harmful reaction in their exposure and the range of responsibilities carried out by journalists in attempt to manage tasks and other related pressure to their job, hence facing strain, difficulty, and anxiety. The study therefore gets journalists perceptions on how these stress related disorders influence their performance at work. Quantitative study was designed to assess the perceptions of media persons on stress related disorders and influence on job performance. One hundred and six (106) journalists were purposively sampled from media organizations to participate in the study. Findings from the study revealed that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Acute Stress Disorder (ASD), Adjustment Disorders (AD), Reactive attachment disorder are major types of stress disorders which are prevalent among media persons in the country. Thus the study revealed these dominant stress related disorders encountered by working population of journalists. The study revealed major causes of STRDs as violence, war, natural disasters, interactions with victims of tragedies and disasters, harassment, threats, imprisonment, and torture of journalists among others as some causes of STRDs. Also the study revealed a negative correlation between the identified stressors and job performances among journalist in the country. This means that stress related disorders among Ghanaian Journalist were found to significantly influence their performances.
Assessing the Coverage of Health Issues in Ghana - A Study of Daily Graphic and Facebook
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2020-09) Kantam, Joyce Kolamong
One of the basic functions of media is to spread information and create awareness among people regarding health-related issues so that they can decide what is good and what is bad for them. Health based articles, features, news, provide information to the audience regarding pre and post care of patients during a particular disease. These days’ newspapers and TV channels are full of contents on different diseases suggesting different precautions and treatments available. Since the journalists who write health stories are not expert in the area, there is every possibility of wrong information reaching to the consumers. On several occasions it was found that the information provided by journalists through their columns, features, news were not reliable and accurate. Now the question arises that who should write articles, features etc. on health and health related issues so that accurate information is provided to the audience. It is well known that the mass media is important Social institution in any modern society for the communication purpose. The public learns much about health and health policy from the news media like print, electronic and new media. The mass media can shape the public’s opinions about health related issues by emphasizing certain features in their coverage, such as the causes of problems, availability of the treatment, pre and post disease care and precaution. This research is an attempt to highlight the issues covered by newspaper; Daily Graphic and Facebook and accuracy of the content provided to the audience.
Challenges Associated with Reporting on the Oil and Gas Industry in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2015-10) Luwondo, Monica
This study sought to investigate challenges associated with reporting on the oil and gas industry in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Related literature was reviewed. The quantitative ( descriptive) research design was adopted. Secondary data were gathered from journals, books, technical and research reports including theses, dissertations, magazines, newspapers, the internet and other relevant documents on public relations and hospitality and airline business. Primary data were also gathered from 25 journalists in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Self-administered questionnaires made up of both open-ended and closed-ended questions were distributed to the 25 journalists. After analysing the data, it was found that challenges of journalists in Dar er Salaam include blackmail, death threats, physical assault and verbal assault. Others are torture and maltreatments, administrative and judicial harassment, inadequate journalism training, stigmatisation by state authorities and disappearances of journalists as well as lack of safety and difficulty in accessing information regarding the oil and gas industry in Tanzania. It was suggested that mixed methods research (i.e. combination of quantitative and qualitative research) should be conducted in the same area to provide both surface description and deeper understanding of the issues involved. Issues as to whether journalism in Dar er Salaam is male dominated and print media dominated should be investigated in future research.
Convergence Between New Media and Traditional Media: A Case of Graphic Communications Group Limited
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2015-10) Asamoah, Boahene
Graphic Communications Group is a mono-print state-owned newspaper media house in the country. It has six titles namely, The Daily Graphic, The Mirror, The Graphic Sports, Junior Graphic, Graphic Business and The Graphic Showbiz. Its various brands are market leaders in their own segments of the newspaper market. Since its establishment in 1952, the company has metamorphosed from the government controlled into a state-owned newspaper delivering profits and paying dividends (Graphic Communications paid GHc500, 000 as dividend for the 2013 operational year) to the governments. Indeed it is the only state owned media organisation among the four state owned media organisations (Ghanaian Times, Ghana News Agency, Ghana Broadcasting Corporation and Graphic Communications Group) that has consistently paid dividend to government since the return to constitutional governance in 1992.
Coverage of the Western Television Programmes by the Ghanaian Media: A Comparative Analysis of UTV And TV3
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2020-10) Obimpeh, Prince
Since media is such a big part of people’s everyday lives, and in some ways may influence how people perceive themselves and the world (Micah, 2018), this study seeks to do a comparative analysis of the coverage of western television programs by the Ghanaian media. It is known all over the world that the images you see in films, TV shows, and advertising consciously or subconsciously influence individuals (Xin Cheng, 2001). These photos, known or unknown, can influence the way people view life and the development of their identities. It is extremely doubtful that the media does not influence the people, how they feel and how they perceive the environment they reside (Gauntlett, 2008). This is particularly noteworthy that we are in an age where representations of various phases in the scientific, political, medical and most relevant media are being promoted throughout the world. (Wilson, 1987; Olivas, 1988; Nakanishi, 1993; Smith, Wolf, and Busenberg, 1996; Meyers, 2004; Turner,2016 and Micah, 2018).
Examining Communication Strategies that Promote Solid Waste Management
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2020-10) Ofori-Atta, Patricia
The paper sought to examine the various communication strategies that can be used to promote the management of solid waste in our communities. This follows recent problems of cities and urban communities struggling to deal with the problem due to population increased, among others. The paper found that the most effective strategies that can be used to communicate waste management solutions are participatory communication strategies which include face to face communication, stakeholder engagements through town hall public meets, use of local media and posters as well as targeting young children in school by including waste management education in their curriculum. Other practical steps towards addressing communication gaps and problems in the waste management process are explored in this discussion. Ultimately, the paper confirms the importance of communication in the waste management process as an informative and educative vehicle necessary for the effective management of solid waste in our communities.
Examining the Perception About Video Vixens and Their Influences on the Young Women in Ghana: A Case of Students in the Ghana Institute Of Journalism
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2020-10) Razak, Hamdiyatu
This research focuses on the video vixens and their influence on the young women in Ghana. In recent years the Ghanaian entertainment industry has been embracing creativity and uniqueness by artists and their management teams coming up with videos that attract viewership. It is for this reason that this research will tackle the influences of video vixens on the young women by focusing on the Ghanaian entertainment industry. The study looks at the overview of the inception of music video vixens, historical background of the Ghana music industry as well as the objectives for the study. This research will be supported by the objectification and black feminism theory, which seeks to support women and their status in the society. The quantitative research method through the use of survey is employed to seek the views of respondents and help in the collection of data for analysis and future recommendations.
Exploring Factors that Influence Ghanaians Parliamentary Voter Choice and Behavior in Ghana: A Case of Electorates in the Klottey Korle Constituency in the 2016 Parliamentary Elections
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2020-10) Ologo, Isaac Michael Saitey
Elections are held to appoint people into office. However, the outcomes of these elections need to be determined. This study examined the factors that influence the voter’s behavior and choice in an election specifically in the Klottey Korle Constituency. This study also made use of peer reviewed articles and with the help of the purposive sampling technique, selected empirical literatures to help research the factors that influence these voter choices and behaviors. Previous research by scholars and existing empirical literature show that there are factors that determine the voter’s choice on elections in America; however, studies on elections in third world areas are scanty of which Ghana is no exception. Studies of elections in Ghana, include one on voter behavior in perspective and other explored the public perceptions of members of parliament. The overall objective of the study was to get the views on how the roles and responsibilities of Members of Parliament (MPs) were perceived by Ghanaians with individuals aged 18 years and above selected in three (3) stages from across the then 10 regions of the country. Findings revealed that voter’s choice is influenced more factors than is originally perceived. It concludes that voter’s choice is informed by sociological, psychological and economic factors. It recommends that members of Parliament should consider all these factors and endeavour to explore further beyond what has already been documented.
Film Marketing in Ghana: An Integrated Marketing Communications Approach
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2019-10) Painstil, Faustina
At the initial stage of its introduction, business world, including the film industry was not quite ready to embrace the principles of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC). But as the environment developed over the past decade, IMC grew in stature because it makes good business sense, especially in today’s fast-moving economy. Technology has opened up numerous doors in terms of knowledge of the customer, speed to market and connectivity and presented new ways of marketing businesses and products. Nonetheless, IMC is not restricted to any business field. In recent times, studies have been conducted regarding IMC in marketing films, including; Manavalan (2016) and Shah (2001). Other studies such as Baker (2016), Babutsidze (2011), Tuohimaa (2010); Pawar et al (2014), Jerick (2013), Zhou (2013), Wilcox (2012) and Tuohima (2010), have also explored the use of traditional and new (social) media in marketing films. Little is however, known regarding IMC in marketing films in Ghana. Against this backdrop, this study investigates the relevance of IMC in marketing films in Ghana. The study adopts a qualitative approach and uses interviews as the data collection tool. The study collects data from five Ghanaian and Nigerian filmmakers, producers and marketers and analysis data using a thematic approach. The result is that, filmmakers, producers and marketers in Ghana use IMC in marketing films. The study has found that, IMC is relevant in marketing films because, it enables reach of multiple sects of the target market, helps filmmakers, producers and marketers make profit/break even, and also gives the film a united voice when marketing. The study has also found that, using IMC in marketing films is costly, time consuming, and difficult to monitor. IMC equally comes with challenges in its full utilization and implementation. Filmmakers, producers and marketers must therefore, seek for expert hands in embarking on IMC projects.
Gender Equity and Leadership, from Rhetoric to Reality in Ghana: Finding the Way
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2020-10) Ampofo, Annie Afua
This paper is a review of recent literature on issues of gender within the context of leadership. The ebbs and flow of democratic process in the world has brought the urgent need for countries to ensure gender equality/equity in all aspects of our lives including leadership. Based on this, several protocols, frameworks and policies take into consideration issues of gender balance to ensure women are given equal participation in leadership roles. For example, the African Union Agenda 2063 aspiration 6 requires that African countries development agenda provides the need for people-centered development and gender equality, which places the African people at the center of all continental efforts, to ensure their participation in the transformation of the continent, and to build caring and inclusive societies. It recognizes that no society can reach its full potential, unless it empowers women and remove all obstacles to women‘s full participation in all areas of human endeavors; and unless it provides an enabling environment for its children and young people to flourish and reach their full potential (African Union Commission, 2014). Agenda 2063 document identifies widespread gender inequalities between men and women in disproportionate manner where women carry the heavy burden of poverty, diseases and illiteracy. The framework anticipate that by the year 2063, Africa will be a continent where the critical role of women in Africa‘s transformation is recognized and they are proactively harnessed.
Glocalization of Media Content: A Case Of “Kumkum Bahgya”
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2019-10) Dsane-Laryea, Eugene
The growth of new media and the attendant advantages of the liberalization of airwaves across the globe, including Ghana has led to the easy exportation of culturally oriented content from one part of the world to the other. Telenovelas is one of such successful global media texts exported the world over, with growing export to African countries. In recent trend is Ghanaian television stations indigenizing some of these telenovelas, by having local language translations of these foreign telenovelas. This study therefore, sought to observe the glocalization of media content using Kumkum Bhagya as a case. The research adopted a qualitative approach and interviewed 10 viewers of Kumkum Bhagya, using face-to-face interview technique. The findings wasshow that, viewers seek to gratify personal needs by watching localized foreign telenovela. Chiefly among these needs were; relaxation, release of stress, and entertainment. The study also found that, patience, valuing one’s life, humility, carefulness, privacy, tolerance, forgiveness, caring, positivity, and smartness were values audiences of Kumkum Bhagya have picked from watching the telenovela. From the study, many are those who are willing to watch foreign telenovelas with local language translations. The study concluded that, although indigenization of these foreign telenovelas may serve as avenues for transmission of culture and also cause behavioral change, it may also pose consequences to Ghanaian filmmakers and producers, while challenging them to be novel in adapting to this global phenomenon.
Human Rights Abuse: A Content Analysis of the Daily Graphic and the Ghanaian Times (2012)
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2015-10) Kanyi, Lawrence Ayitey
The study which is a comparative content analysis used quantitative content analysis of the Daily Graphic and the Ghanaian Times from January to December in the year 2012 to assess the coverage of human rights abuse in Ghana. Human rights are widely considered to be those fundamental moral rights of a person that are necessary for a life with human dignity. States are expected to protect citizens by creating environments that allow law enforcement agencies to function effectively. The data collected were presented in tables. Out of the total of 2258 stories coded in the Daily Graphic, 2247 or 99.51 percent were non-human rights abuse stories while 11 or 0.49 percent were human rights abuse stories. In the Ghanaian Times out of the 1909 stories 1889 or 98.95 percent were non-human rights abuse stories while 20 or 1.05 percent were human rights abuse stories. For both papers, there was a total of 4167 stories out of which 4136 or 99.25 percent were non-hun1an rights abuse stories while 31 or 0.74 percent were human rights abuse stories. Some of the stories occurred in some regions than others. Civil rights abuse got the highest coverage with all stories being straight news. The greatest number of the stories were placed in the inside pages while many of them had no picture accompaniment. In most cases the reporter was the main speaker. The page usually allocated the stories was small, which is one-and a third (1/3) of the page size and below suggesting that the issue was not a priority for the newspapers. The study made many recommendations by suggesting that much page must be given to the human rights abuse stories. Also. the newspapers must report human rights abuse and promote human rights through editorials. comlnentaries, features and letters to the editor. Policy makers and human rights organizations mustt publish human rights issues in newspapers through editorials" features and commentaries to make the reader see human rights as an important issue so that the reader can give it more attention.
Impact of Social Media on Behavior of the Youth: A Case Study of Students of Selected Universities In Ghana
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2017-10) Frimpong, Sandra
Social media as a part of new media has become an integral part of the youths' life. As the world migrates into the digital world, the internet or web is becoming part of the general business for communication. It gives the youth some sense of power and also a bit of control on what affects them. With the help of a mobile phone or a computer and an internet, one access a social media platform without any supervision hence chooses what information to access and what not to. The youth now has the power to what social network he involves himself and can deal with strangers at any given time. The socio-cultural, Political or religious beliefs of the strangers the youth engages on social media can have an impact on them. A reason why this research used both qualitative and quantitative methods to investigate the impact of social media on behavior change amongst the youth. The research sought to find out why the youth prefers the use of social media to traditional media, the extent to which they use social media and the impact it has on their behavior.
Improving Internal Communication at the Ghana Institute of Journalism
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2015-10) Bannah, Daniel Ebo
Communication is seen as a functional prerequisite for the viable existence of any well meaning organization. Since creation, conununication has remained the bedrock of development in almost all spheres of life, however, the growing ambit of the subject has been very evident over the last half of the previous century and one category of communication that has widely gained scholarly attention internal communication within institutions and the corporate organisations. The study therefore seeks to examine the internal communication challenges of the Ghana Institute of Journalism (GlJ), with regard to management and students relationship as far as information flow is concerned and an attempt to solve the problem. The research followed a qualitative method approach where data were collected through questionnaire and telephone interview among the varied respondents made up of students, lecturers, staff and parents of GIJ. The GIJ will remain the point of focus for data collection hoping the adoption of the recoInluendations will improve the situation. The study was more of a descriptive design with its analytical conclusions inductively drawn from the GIJ campus experience. In order to achieve the aim of the research, data were collected by primary and secondary methods using principal data collection mechanisms like questionnaire, one-on-one, telephone and focus group interviews. A sample size of fifty (n=50) served as a representative of the hetrogeneous target population of 1,000. The data collected were analysed and presented in the form of tables narrations. It was realized that the main factors that led to the problem of weak communication lines were lack of defined internal communication patterns, duplication of roles and responsibilities, and unclear managerial regulations.
Influence of the Use of Whatsapp Messneger on Adolescent Language and Relationship Ties in Ghana: A Case of Adolescents in Ejisu-Juaben Municipality
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2015-10) Opoku, Linda Yeboah
The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the use of WhatsApp messenger on adolescent language and relationship ties in Ghana using adolescents in Ejisu-Juaben municipality as a case study. The study employed the dominant-less dominant approach of the mixed method to seek opinions on the influence of WhatsApp messenger. Purposive and simple random sampling were used to select the sample.Ten junior high schools and 300 respondents were chosen and used for the study.Questiolmaires and interviews were used for the study. The study found that there was a weak negative correlation between WhatsApp usage and the everyday language of adolescents be it in school or at home. This indicates a weak correlation in their learning. It further showed that WhatsApp messenger was just an addition to help keep adolescents social circles well bonded. Adolescents still preferred face-to-face interactions. The study further succeeded in drawing a linkage between adolescent development (language and building relationship ties) to the uses and gratifications theory with the intension to understand WhatsApp messenger as a medium among other new media networks for seeking cognitive and social integrative needs. The study suggests that teachers and guardians be abreast with the technology and skill that comes with using of the mobile messaging app to enable them guide adolescents as it could harm them.
Media Convergence of Newspapers: A Content Analysis of the Business and Financial Times' Print and Web-Based Content
(UniMAC-GIJ, 2017-11) Nvida Erzuah, Kwame
Advances in technology, consumer demands, and the revisions in rules governing media ownership, have deeply influenced the media industry in the last 15 years. These developments have led to profound changes and uncertainty about the future of news media. The channels of news media have changed. The traditional route of receiving news via newspapers has evolved into a more digital path, leaving many to question the future of the print publication. This study evaluated the print and Web-based content of the Business and Financial Times. The researcher adds to the field of research on news media by analysing the online and print content of the publication, creating a new way to categorise and evaluate the subject matter by placing it into four categories: repetition, adaptation, representation, and uniqueness. The researcher sought to answer research questions, discovering how each medium demonstrates elements of media convergence. The study revealed that newspaper does not effectively reflect the epitolnes of media convergence. The framework used for evaluating the articles shows the ineffectiveness of media convergence which is seen throughout the data presented and analysed. The research conducted on this newspaper for this study did not display appreciably. the ideals of nledia convergence. Further, though highly rated and respected in the media sphere in Ghana with a stellar reputation and credibility the study found that the newspaper nlainly uses its Web-based content purely to supplement and or complelnent the dominant print for infonnational purposes. It is a predetennined perception these days that everything. that appears in print will also appear online. However, this study proved otherwise, and shows the paper is yet to fully exploit the benefits a catalyst like its website offers in its attelnpts at convergence.

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